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BURKE AND WILLS
by Scott 4R
In 1860 the
Government of South Australia offered a prize to the first expedition to
cross the Australian continent from south to north. Policeman,
Robert O'Hara Burke
led an expedition which left from Royal Park, Melbourne on 20
August 1860.
Burke travelled
with 18 people, 25 camels, 22 horses and some wagons. This was the first
expedition to use camels as a means of transport. Burke took a 2 year
supply of food, as well as 80 pairs of shoes, beds, hats and buckets, as
well as some firewood.
The expedition
reached Menindee in about 8 weeks. It is believed that while here, Burke
heard that Stuart was going to attempt to cross the continent from south
to north also.
Burke's plan was
to wait at Cooper Creek until the others arrived. But five weeks passed
and they did not arrive.
After
waiting for the five weeks, Burke became impatient to race to the Gulf
of Carpentaria to become the first white men to cross Australia from
south to north.
Burke decided to
set out with
William John Wills,
John King and Charles Gray with
one horse and six camels and supplies to last for three months. He
ordered four other men to remain at Cooper Creek, with William Brahe in
charge, and wait three months for their return.
Burke and his
party took eight weeks to get from Cooper Creek to the Gulf of
Carpentaria. Although they reached the Gulf, they failed to see the sea
because mud and thick mangrove swamps blocked their path.
Burke began the
return to journey to Cooper Creek immediately. On this journey supplies
were short so the men killed and ate one of the camels and later Burke's
horse. Charles Gray got sick and died.
Burke began the
return to journey to Cooper Creek immediately. On this journey supplies
were short so the men killed and ate one of the camels and later Burke's
horse. Charles Gray got sick and died.
In his diary
Wills wrote:
Our disappointment at finding the depot deserted may
easily be imagined; returning in an exhausted state after four months of
the severest travelling and privation, with our legs so paralysed so
that each found it a most trying task to walk just a few yards.
Burke died of
starvation on July 1, 1861. Wills died a few days later. |